Israeli Citizenship – Attorney in Israel advice
Israel Citizenship law of 1952 – it is the law that establishes the requirements for obtaining citizenship in the State of Israel. Since the state is defined as a state of the Jewish people, one of the stated goals of the state is to protect the Jewish majority in the country. Israel prefers as a way to acquire the nationality of the way “Din Adam” (where citizenship is inherited from parents to children, regardless of place of birth) before the system “Din a-carcass” (if a citizen born in the country he receives the right to obtain citizenship of the country).
Israeli Citizenship – Civil rights and obligations
Civil rights
1.Politicheskie rights: the right to choose (c18 years) and to be elected to Parliament (from 21 years). This right applies only to one who is a citizen and resident of Israel at a time. 2. The right to obtain an Israeli passport “Darkon” and use it in a legal way. 3. Right to leave the country and return at any time (this right may be restricted by special order). Additional rights such as the right to work in Israel, the benefits in payment of taxes, cash benefits from the National Insurance system “authorized body”, the right to vote in elections of local authorities granted to each permanent resident of Israel, even if he is not a citizen. A permanent resident may lose his status with the change of place of residence, while the individual may at any time to return to live in the country.
Israeli Citizenship – Civic duties
Almost all civil responsibilities are assigned equally to each resident of the State of Israel, regardless of whether he is a citizen or not. Responsibility that rests only on the citizen of the country – the presentation of the passport “Darkon,” or the Israeli passport “Teudat maavar”, each entry and exit from Israel (permanent resident, not a citizen, of course, has no right to Israeli “Darkon “). Conscription is the duty performed by each resident, but a more strict observance of civil servants require. Citizen of Israel must refrain from helping organizations or countries – the enemies of Israel, acting against the state. Such cooperation may lead to deprivation of citizenship, at the discretion of the Minister of the Interior (in addition to the impact on trial and imprisonment).
Israeli Citizenship – Ways to acquire Israeli citizenship
Citizenship Act (1952) establishes six ways of acquiring citizenship: 1.On the basis of the right of return of Jews to their homeland The Law of Return (1950) states that every Jew has the right to be repatriated to their home country (Article 1), the repatriation will be issued on the basis of immigrant visas “ashrat ole.” Immigrant Visa follows almost automatic way for Israeli citizenship, in order, a clarification in Article 2 of the Law on Citizenship. In 1970, the law on citizenship was extended and it was found that as the spouse / descendants of a Jew or a Jew (the third generation) have rights under the law of the return for the acquisition of Israeli citizenship. In 1999, the High Court of Justice ruled that the family member is a Jewish citizen of Israel – a non-Jew (not his son or grandson) is not entitled to return (High Court 3648/97). The legislator has established a clear distinction between the law of return, which gives the right to emigrate (repatriation) in the country, as well as immigrant visa and nationality law, granting the right to Israeli citizenship based immigrant visas. In other words, citizenship can not be awarded solely on the basis of the law of return. However, in reality, the state of Israel awarded citizenship to everyone who immigrated under the Law of Return, unless the citizen himself is not interested in this. There is a difference between a citizen of Israel who live abroad, and a national of Jewish origin, which has the right to immigrate to the Law of Return. Jewish people must file a request for repatriation, the request shall be certified, in support of his right to the actual repatriation. In rare cases, the request may be rejected (in cases where a person has committed a crime or is sick and dangerous contagious disease) Israeli citizen has the right to enter a country at any time and with no restrictions (except when he is obliged to pay a special tax, and it has remained unpaid at the time of his absence). In addition, an Israeli citizen, is entitled to use an Israeli passport (“Darkon”) in foreign travel (right data has significant advantages when entering different countries peaceful). Person who is entitled by law to have no right of return for a moment to Darkon permission to his request for citizenship.
1. Based on residence in Israel This article is distributed to non-Jews (Arabs, Druze, Bedouins and others), former subjects British mandate in Palestine-Israel before the war for independence. According to this point they were given Israeli citizenship. To determine exactly who has the right to acquire a nationality, in accordance with this paragraph in 1952 was made a census of the population. However, the census had found problems, and has been a repeat census in 80 years. The law was amended and included also those who were not recorded in the census in 1952. 2.Po birthright A person whose parents are Jews (one or both parents are Israelis) have the right to receive Israeli citizenship, provided that he was born in Israel. If a person is born outside of Israel his children would not be eligible for citizenship. It also turns out that the system of “Din Adam” is limited to one generation, at the same time, these children could easily obtain Israeli citizenship by right of return (if the parents) or on the basis of the award (see below for details). In practice, there are many cases when a foreign citizen who was one of the parents is automatically a citizen of the Israeli Israel, without regard to its opinion. In this regard, there are problems at the entrance of the citizen in Israel, as an Israeli citizen upon entering the country undertakes to produce an Israeli Darkon, and also it is the military service. 3.Po right of birth and residence in Israel This paragraph does not apply to the specific points, aimed at resolving specific problems of Israelis born after the establishment of the State of Israel who do not grazhdanstva.Dlya to get citizenship on the basis of this paragraph, the applicant must fulfill several conditions provided for by law: “A person born after the establishment of Israel in an area related to Israel on the day of his birth, and not having had one nationality will be deemed a citizen of Israel, if the request was lodged between its 18 th anniversary and 21 years of birth, and provided that the applicant is a resident of Israel for five consecutive years at the time of the request. ” 4.The decision based on nationality. A person interested in obtaining Israeli citizenship in the usual manner and has as much right on the basis of other criteria may apply to the Minister of the Interior for citizenship, but before that he must fulfill several conditions: 1.Nahozhdenie in Israel. 2.Nahozhdenie in Israel for three years, the five-year period preceding the filing of the request. 3.Nalichie permanent residence. 4.Znanie Hebrew language. 5.Otkaz from previous citizenship or proof that after obtaining Israeli citizenship, renounce any other citizenship in favor of Israel. Note: “Israel” – in the law and in a variety of other laws is the territory’s sovereignty Israeli citizenship. Judea, Samaria and Gaza are not part of Israel on this issue. Requirements for the person who made a special request for more complicated in comparison with those that apply to the persons who observe the usual criteria for citizenship. Even if the applicant has fulfilled all the above conditions, the award of citizenship remains at the discretion of the Minister of Internal Affairs. Policy of the Ministry of the Interior is directed to issue refusals request made under this paragraph in order to maintain a Jewish majority in Israel. 5.Na based awarding citizenship. Minister of the Interior has the competence and the ability to confer Israeli citizenship to persons are welcome guests, such as: – Representatives of Hasidim around the world; – Fellow voevavschie for the defense in the war for independence; – Scientists; of literature and art; athletes, etc. This item relates generally to non-Jews who do not help obtain citizenship under other items. Interior Minister Eli Yashi conferred citizenship on the basis of this paragraph Sarah Samuel, a citizen of India, who saved the life of two-year-Moshe Oltsbergu in a terrorist attack in Mumbai. In accordance with the international conventions that provide the freedom of marriage and family reunification State of Israel has to regulate the status of foreigners married to Israelis. When it comes to the Jews, who have foreign citizenship, self-applied the law on citizenship. When re talking about non-Jews, they get citizenship as part of a multi-stage procedure. Along with this, a special law prohibits the awarding of citizenship, citizen of the country of the enemy, who was married to a citizen of Israel. Israeli Citizenship